How should a person who underwent colostomy (surgical anostomosis of large intestines into anterior abdominal wall) operation act in terms of ablution?
In the c olostomoy operation, the feces coming to a bag that is directly sticked to the abdominal wall is emptied in an uncontrolled manner. Patients who are in this situation are accepted as excused, and may benefit from the conveniences provided to the excused persons. Only the state of performing ablution is different than the unexcused people. They act like unexcused people in other religious duties except ablution.
According to the Hanafi school, excused persons perform ablution for each prayer time separately because the Prophet Muhammad (saw) told an excused woman to do so (Bukhari, Wudu’, 63). Excused people may establish fardh, wajib, sunnah, qada, Friday, and eid prayers as much as they want in the same prayer time, may circumambulate the Ka’bah and touch the Qur’an with that ablution unless another condition to invalidate the ablution happens. (Marghinani, al-Hidayah, I, 219-220). However, the ablution of them is nullified when the prayer time ends. Therefore, they need to perform ablution again in the next prayer time.
Ablution of the excused people is also invalidated by the things that nullifies ablution other than their excuse (Kasani, Bada’i, I, 28). For example, the ablution of a person whose excuse is urine incontinence is nullified if his/her nose bleeds or s/he passes wind.
According to the Shafii school, excused persons need to perform ablution separately for each fardh prayer to be established in the same prayer time. Because their ablution ends when their prayer is over. They may establish nafl prayers as much as they want with this ablution (Shirbini, Mughni al-muhtaj, I, 175).
According to Maliki school, the ablution of excused persons is not nullified by the beginning or end of a prayer time but by the things that invalidate ablution other than the excuse (Ibn Rushd, Bidayah, I, 35; Dasuqi, Hashiyah, I, 114-118).
In the event that the excuse of a person causes an extreme hardship to him and he has serious difficulties while performing ablution, one may act by this view of the Maliki school.
At this point we need to add that the najis (ritually impure) substances such as blood, purulence, urine, feces, and suppuration coming from the place of excuse of the excused persons and gets on their underwear do not prevent them from establishing prayer. This ruling does not change according to the amount of the ritually impure substance. Because one cannot avoid this situation as long as the excuse continues. However, if these najis (ritually impure) substances will not get on the underwear or clothes again, they need to be washed (Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar, I, 506-507).
Source: Presidency Of Religious Affairs The Turkey, High Board of Religious Affairs FATWAS
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