What Is The Ruling On Qawma And Jalsah In Prayer, And How Long Should One Wait During Qawma And Jalsa?

What is the ruling on qawma and jalsah in prayer, and how long should one wait during qawma and jalsa?

Qawma means straightening up completely while standing up after ruku in prayer and before going down for sajdah, and standing still long enough to recite “Subhana Rabbiya’l-Azim” at least once. Jalsa means sitting long enough to recite “Subhana Rabbiya’l-Azim” at least once between two sujud. Jalsa and qawma are wajib according to Hanafis. If they are not performed by mistake, one needs to perform sajdah al-sahw. It is makruh tahrimi not to perform them deliberately and one should re-establish that prayer. According to Imam Shafi’i, Malik, and Ahmad ibn Hanbal, jalsa and qawma are fardh, therefore prayer is invalidated if one does not perform them intentionally (Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar, II, 149, 157; Ibn Qudamah, al-Mughni, II, 423; Nawavi, Rawda, II, 356-357).

Abu Hurayra (ra) narrates as follows, “Allah’s Messenger (saw) entered the mosque and a person followed him. The man prayed and went to the Prophet and greeted him. The Prophet (saw) returned the greeting and said to him, “Go back and pray, for you have not prayed.” The man went back prayed in the same way as before, returned and greeted the Prophet who said, “Go back and pray, for you have not prayed.” This happened thrice. The man said, “By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I cannot offer the prayer in a better way than this. Please, teach me how to pray.” The Prophet (saw) said, “When you stand for Prayer say Takbir and then recite from the Holy Qur’an (of what you know by heart) and then bow till you feel at ease. Then raise your head and stand up straight, then prostrate till you feel at ease during your prostration, then sit with calmness till you feel at ease (do not hurry) and do the same in all your prayers.” (Bukhari, Adhan, 95)

Source: Presidency Of Religious Affairs The Turkey, High Board of Religious Affairs FATWAS