What is the time and slaughter of the sacrifice?
a. The Time to Slaughter the Animal for Qurban
The time to slaughter the qurban starts on the first day of Eid al-Adha after the performance of the eid salat. The last period of time for this is up to the setting of the sun on the third day of eid.
b. The Way to Slaughter the Qurban and Qurban Duas
The rukun of qurban is to spill the blood of the animal that is going to be slaughtered for qurban. If the animal is going to be killed without spilling its blood, this animal will not be accepted as a qurban.
The most virtuous of the qurbans are sheep, goats, and camels.
The animal that will be slaughtered for qurban should be brought to the slaughtering area without being harmed. It should be placed facing towards the qiblah and layed down on its left side. Its back right foot should be let free and its other legs should be tied up. Afterwards:
This ayah is read: “Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds.” [1]. Then after this:
“Bismillahi Allahu Akbar” is said and the knife is rubbed up against the animals throat. The animals windpipe, oesophagus and the two veins next to these (between them) are cut. It is sufficient to cut the windpipe and the two veins. If the animal does not die, the neck can not be completely cut and the head can not be separated from its body.
The owner should slaughter the qurban, if they are capable, and they should recite the basmala while slaughtering it. If they can not slaughter it, they should have it slaughtered by giving this authority to a capable Muslim whom they see as suitable, they should be found at the slaughtering and they should participate in the dua by reciting the basmala. People who want to slaughter their qurbans in a place outside of where they are found, they may have it slaughtered by someone they know by giving them procuration.
If the basmala is intentionally not recited at the time of the slaughtering of the qurban, the meat of that animal can not be eaten. However if the basmala was not recited due to forgetfulness, there is no problem and the meat of that qurban can be eaten by reciting the basmala before eating it.
A non-believer and mushrik can not slaughter the qurban. It is makruh to allow a Christian or Jew to slaughter it. However, if the Christian and Jewish person slaughters the animal while remembering/mentioning Allah, the meat of that qurban may be eaten.
c. Procedures Concerning the Meat and Skin of the Qurban
The owner and members of the household may eat the meat of the qurban that was slaughtered on Eia Al-Adha. The meat of the qurban is generally separated into three sections. One section is distributed to the poor, one sections to relatives, partners, friends. The remaining section is left at home and eaten. The person who slaughters the qurban even though their financial situation is not good, may leave the entirety of the meat at their home.
The skin of the qurban is donated as sadaqa to those people to whom zakat may be given. Also it may be donated to mosques, schools, roads, bridges, establishments and services such as water, religious waqfs and charity organisations that are in accordance with the teachings of Islam. It is not jaiz to give it to people, establishments and foundations that are not in accordance with religion and that carries out actions in the haram path.
The owner of the qurban can also make the skin of the animal into an item they can continuously use such as clothing etc.
[1] Surat An’am, Ayah 162
Source: Fiqh1 (According To The Maliki School Of Islamic Law), Erkam Publications
